Wireless Mesh Network

A wireless mesh network (WMN) is a type of wireless communication network in which many devices, known as nodes, work together to provide network coverage and efficiently distribute data.

Each node in a wireless mesh network not only communicates directly with its connected devices, but also serves as a relay point for other nodes in the network. This decentralized and self-configuring architecture has several characteristics that make it appropriate for various applications.

Salient Features of Wireless Mesh Network:

1. Mesh Topology: Unlike typical wireless networks, which frequently rely on a central access point, a mesh network enables nodes to connect directly to several other nodes, establishing a mesh-like structure. The redundant system ensures that if one path fails, data can be diverted via alternate paths.
2. Self-Healing: If a node goes offline or fails, the network can find alternate paths to maintain connectivity dynamically. Nodes can automatically reorganise themselves in response to changes in the network topology.
3. Scalability: Scalability of wireless mesh networks is simple. Additional network nodes can be added without requiring significant changes to the existing infrastructure. As additional nodes join the network, the network gets more robust and can cover wider areas.
4. Better Coverage: A mesh architecture ensures that devices can connect to the network from several access points, resulting in larger coverage.
5. Load balancing: Mesh networks spread data traffic across numerous paths, decreasing congestion on specific links and balancing network strain. This promotes faster data transmission and overall performance.
6. Dynamic Routing Protocols: >Dynamic routing protocols are commonly used in wireless mesh networks, allowing nodes to select the most efficient paths for data transfer based on current network conditions. This versatility guarantees that data flows as smoothly as possible.
7. Reduced Interference: Since mesh networks are decentralised, the likelihood of interference in traditional wireless networks is reduced.

Applications of Wireless Mesh Network:

1. Public WiFi: Due to larger network coverage, WMNs can be used in the creation of public WiFi networks in cities, parks, or campuses.
2. Smart Cities: WMNs can be used in smart city infrastructures to enable various IoT devices such as smart streetlights, environmental sensors, and traffic management systems.
3. Smart Home and IoT: WMNs facilitate a strong network for smart home devices, allowing for seamless communication between various sensors and appliances.
4. Disaster recovery: Disaster recovery refers to the establishment of makeshift communication networks in disaster-stricken areas when traditional infrastructure may be unavailable or damaged.
5. Industrial applications: In industrial settings, WMNs provide dependable connections for machine-to-machine communication and process automation.
6. Community Networks: WMNs enable isolated communities to create their own internet infrastructure, promoting digital inclusion.

While wireless mesh networks have numerous benefits, they also have some drawbacks, such as potential latency owing to many hops, greater network administration complexity, and cost issues. Nonetheless, advances in wireless technologies and network protocols continue to improve the capabilities and efficiency of wireless mesh networks.